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Household Mental Illness

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Percent of Students Reporting They Live with Someone with Depression or Mental Illness, All Available Years: by Grade, Race, Gender, and Region

2019
FemaleMaleTotal
Minnesota8thAfrican-American or Black16.8%11.2%14.0%
All Races Combined30.0%17.1%23.7%
Asian American19.5%11.9%15.8%
Bi-Racial/Multi-Racial41.1%25.0%34.0%
Hispanic/Latino25.6%14.0%19.8%
Native American48.7%28.2%37.1%
Pacific Islander25.0%12.7%17.5%
White30.9%17.3%24.3%
9thAfrican-American or Black18.6%11.8%15.4%
All Races Combined33.5%19.2%26.6%
Asian American19.7%12.2%16.1%
Bi-Racial/Multi-Racial45.7%26.6%37.1%
Hispanic/Latino27.2%14.8%21.1%
Native American52.7%25.6%39.6%
Pacific Islander36.7%17.5%25.7%
White34.7%19.9%27.5%
11thAfrican-American or Black19.5%12.2%15.9%
All Races Combined36.3%21.6%29.1%
Asian American21.4%14.9%18.1%
Bi-Racial/Multi-Racial45.0%30.5%38.3%
Hispanic/Latino28.0%16.0%22.5%
Native American52.2%27.3%40.1%
Pacific Islander**36.0%
White38.2%22.3%30.3%
All GradesAfrican-American or Black18.1%11.7%14.9%
All Races Combined33.0%19.1%26.2%
Asian American20.0%12.8%16.5%
Bi-Racial/Multi-Racial43.7%27.0%36.2%
Hispanic/Latino26.9%14.8%21.0%
Native American51.2%27.0%38.8%
Pacific Islander34.5%17.6%24.2%
White34.3%19.7%27.2%
Metro8thAfrican-American or Black16.0%10.9%13.5%
All Races Combined28.9%16.5%23.0%
Asian American19.6%11.2%15.5%
Bi-Racial/Multi-Racial38.6%23.0%31.8%
Hispanic/Latino24.3%13.3%18.8%
Native American46.2%29.6%35.5%
Pacific Islander22.2%9.1%15.0%
White31.4%17.8%24.9%
9thAfrican-American or Black17.3%11.6%14.6%
All Races Combined31.9%18.4%25.5%
Asian American18.9%12.1%15.6%
Bi-Racial/Multi-Racial41.7%23.5%33.6%
Hispanic/Latino26.5%13.7%20.2%
Native American55.4%27.5%42.1%
Pacific Islander**23.7%
White35.0%20.3%28.0%
11thAfrican-American or Black18.8%12.5%15.7%
All Races Combined36.0%22.3%29.4%
Asian American20.5%15.0%17.7%
Bi-Racial/Multi-Racial42.0%28.1%35.8%
Hispanic/Latino26.1%15.2%21.1%
Native American43.3%26.9%35.7%
Pacific Islander**37.5%
White40.3%24.5%32.6%
All GradesAfrican-American or Black17.1%11.5%14.4%
All Races Combined31.9%18.8%25.6%
Asian American19.6%12.5%16.1%
Bi-Racial/Multi-Racial40.6%24.5%33.4%
Hispanic/Latino25.6%13.9%19.9%
Native American49.6%28.4%38.1%
Pacific Islander32.1%14.5%22.1%
White35.2%20.6%28.2%
Non-Metro8thAfrican-American or Black19.3%12.1%15.5%
All Races Combined31.2%17.6%24.5%
Asian American19.2%15.5%17.4%
Bi-Racial/Multi-Racial44.6%27.7%37.1%
Hispanic/Latino27.5%15.0%21.3%
Native American49.2%27.7%37.6%
Pacific Islander**20.9%
White30.4%16.8%23.7%
9thAfrican-American or Black22.7%12.6%17.6%
All Races Combined35.3%20.0%27.9%
Asian American23.3%12.9%19.1%
Bi-Racial/Multi-Racial51.1%30.8%42.0%
Hispanic/Latino28.5%16.5%22.6%
Native American52.0%25.1%39.0%
Pacific Islander**28.1%
White34.5%19.6%27.2%
11thAfrican-American or Black21.4%11.3%16.4%
All Races Combined36.6%20.9%28.8%
Asian American25.8%14.7%20.0%
Bi-Racial/Multi-Racial49.6%33.6%41.8%
Hispanic/Latino30.7%17.3%24.5%
Native American54.3%27.4%41.1%
Pacific Islander**34.6%
White36.3%20.5%28.4%
All GradesAfrican-American or Black21.0%12.1%16.4%
All Races Combined34.2%19.4%26.9%
Asian American22.4%14.6%18.6%
Bi-Racial/Multi-Racial48.1%30.3%40.0%
Hispanic/Latino28.8%16.1%22.6%
Native American51.6%26.7%39.0%
Pacific Islander38.2%20.9%26.7%
White33.6%18.9%26.3%

About the Indicator:

In 2019, the MSS added the question, "Do you live with anyone who is depressed or has any other mental health issues?" In previous years, an incarcerated parent or guardian had been the most commonly reported adverse childhood experience (ACE); in 2019, this ACE was the most prevalent, with over a quarter of students reporting living with someone with mental illness. 

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are stressful or traumatic experiences, including abuse, neglect and a range of household dysfunction. ACEs put individuals at risk for a number of negative outcomes across the lifespan, including: alcohol, tobacco and other drug use; anxiety; hopelessness; depression; and suicidal ideation and attempts.

Data Source: Minnesota Student Survey (MSS)

Description: The MSS is a confidential and anonymous self-administered survey given to students attending Minnesota public, charter and tribal schools. From 1995 to 2010, the survey was administered to students in 6th, 9th, and 12th grades. New in 2013, the survey was administered to students in 5th, 8th, 9th, and 11th grades. Trend data are now only available for 9th graders, and only for survey questions that did not change. Most schools elect to participate in the survey; in 2013, this included 84% of public schools in Minnesota.

Although the data are not presented here, the survey is also administered to area learning centers, juvenile correction facilities and private schools electing to participate.

Sponsored by: Minnesota Department of Education

Geographic Level: State, Region, and County

Aggregated data at the state and county level do not reveal disparities that may exist within a given geographic area.

Frequency: Data collected and reported every three years

Characteristics: The results of the MSS are also available at a county level. Data Privacy requirements mandate that data is presented in a manner such that no individual student can be identified through the presentation of the results. As part of the Data Privacy practices, the results are also presented in a manner that no individual school district could be identified through the results. Therefore, for counties that have only one school district, the results are not presented. Results are also withheld for counties in which the minimum number for student participation was not met.

The MSS is a “census” of schools, not a sample. The school districts get their own data. Fifth-graders were not asked all substance use questions. Some school districts do not participate, and student participation within the school district can vary widely. These data are self-reported.